Draw a light center line and width lines short dashed lines on construction detail, figure 1 on the 34 x 11 paper two 11 x 17 sheets of paper taped together and. It is given fact that the radius of earth is 6,370 km. Suggested coloring of slices to enhance visibility and imply relative temperature in the earths interior is. The need for an uptodate formal edition of the bureau of reclamation s earth manual became evidenced by the many printings of the june 1951 tentative edition. The temperature in the earths interior is so high that it can even melt any tool used for drilling. There are two ways of defining the earths structure. The temperature in the earth s interior is so high that it can even melt any tool used for drilling. Download a blank copy of the earths interior pdf file here. Physics of the earths interior universiteit utrecht. Also, the origin of many phenomena like earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunami etc are linked with the structure of earths interior. In this earths interior worksheet, students read about the geology of the earth, the layers of the earths crust and the forces that change the earths surface.
Robertson abstract evidence on the structure and composition of the earth s interior comes from 1 observations of surface rocks, 2 geophysical data from earthquakes, flow of heat from the interior, the magnetic field, and gravity, 3 laboratory ex. Volcanoes are really our windows into the earth s interior. The earths interior structure lecture 1 how do we know whats inside the earth. Lateral variations in seismic wave speeds have been documented in all major layers of the earth external to its core, with horizontal scale lengths ranging from 10 to 10 4 km. Earth s layers crust mantle core 3 d earth structure model herndon s interior earth composition a journey to the interior of earthpics of. Studying the earths interior can help us to understand earthquakes, volcanoes, plate tectonics and. Earths interior webquest can you really dig to china. The earths interior earth and planetary science university of. The earths interior just as a child may shake an unopened present in an attempt to discover the contents of a gift, so man must listen to the ring and vibration of our earth in an attempt to discover its content. The earths interior a look at the layers of the inner earth. The division of earth includes the crusts, upper mantle, lower mantle, outer core and inner core according chemical composition. Video transcript volcano geochemistry windows to earths.
Seismology is providing a more sharply focused picture of the earths internal structure that should lead to improved models of mantle dynamics. Earth and space science earth s interior page 3 of 3 content a. The thin parts are the oceanic crust, which underlie the ocean basins 510 km and are composed of dense iron magnesium silicate igneous rocks, like basalt. This is accomplished through seismology, which has become the principle method used in studying earth s interior. It has a strong emphasis on examples from western canada, especially british. Develop a model based on evidence of earths interior to describe the cycling of matter by thermal convection. Introductory a new idea and a plea for its fair hearing. Using these data, you will draw a diagram that shows the physical layers of earth and the approximate thickness of each. Earths interior qfiles the online library of knowledge. Carbon in earths interior geophysical monograph series. Seismology is providing a more sharply focused picture of the earth s internal structure that should lead to improved models of mantle dynamics. The earths mantle retains traces of primeval materials that are older than the moon, which formed a scant 100 million years after the solar systems coalescence. Earths rocky crust is by no means stationary and we regularly see evidence of crust. Over time the temperature of the planet interior rises towards the femelting line.
Were using the clues brought to the surface by volcanoes to try to understand what was underneath the volcanoes, how our inner earth is. Introduction to the physics of the earth s interior by poirier, jean paul. Introduction to the physics of the earths interior. This fact also restricts deep drilling, thus causing hindrance to direct observation of the materials of the earth s interior. Structural geology of the earths interior earth sciences. The iron drops follow gravity and accumulate towards the core. The diagram below shows a cross section of sedimentary. The diagram below shows a cross section of sedimentary 5. Introduction to the physics of the earths interior by poirier, jean paul. Earths interior in this lab, you will be given a table that shows the thicknesses of different layers in earths interior and the average speed of seismic waves as they travel through these layers. Earths size trench volcanoes midocean earths interior.
At divergent boundaries in the oceans, magma from deep in the earths mantle rises toward the surface and pushes apart two or more plates. Earth s interior webquest earth s layers and properties and forces that drive mantle motion. The earths interior a look at the inner earth rocksandminerals4u. The thicker crust is continental crust, which is less dense and composed of sodium potassium aluminium silicate rocks, like granite. We, as people, cant get down deep into the earth to sample. Earths interior is generally divided into three major layers. They dont need to be large faults such as the san andreas fault in california. H ow scientists infer the interior properties of the earth.
The source of energy for the high temperatures found deep within the earth is 1 tidal friction 2 incoming solar radiation 3 decay of radioactive materials 4 meteorite bombardment of the earth 32. Lighter materials, such as silicate minerals, migrate upwards in exchange. The moho is not located at a uniform depth, but about 10 kilometers 6 miles below the seafloor and about 35 kilometers 22 miles beneath the surface of continents. Describe characteristics composition of each layer color oceanic crust blue continental crust brown upper mantle orange lower mantle red outer core yellow inner core white. Earths interior webquest earths layers and properties and forces that drive mantle motion. Therefore, the interior of earth can not be studied only by direct observations. Cranky ideas are not in the same class with reasoned and scientific ones. Studying the earths interior can help us to understand earthquakes, volcanoes, plate tectonics and more about the inner earths natural processes. Earths movement outer core mantle island arc midocean ridge volcanoes subduction subduction hot plume trench. But its properties are studied indirectly by deducing conclusions from the study of earthquake waves that propagate through the interior rocks and other such indirect means. Pdf 1st lecture earth interior mohamed attwa academia. Earths interior a cutaway diagram of the earths interior, showing the paths taken by pwaves black and s waves white.
Various external forces affect the earths surface, such as different climates and the amount of rainfall. Earths interior to print or download this file, click the link below. Most of our knowledge about the interior of the earth is largely based on estimates and inferences. All these influencing factors, together with heat flow from the upper mantle and the lower crust, produce a thermal state in the crust which has measurable variation.
Freezing, thawing, and running water all contribute to weathering and erosion, processes that break rock down into tiny particles. When an earthquake happens, seismic waves travel outward in many directions and pass. Volcanoes are really our windows into the earths interior. Video transcript volcano geochemistry windows to earth. Kristin bartee focus on inquiry the student will investigate the different layers of earth s interior and get an idea of the differences and composition of each layer. Identify the elements that make up the core of the earth densities2. Interior of the earth pdf earth s layers crust mantle core seismic discontinuities source.
The earth s mantle retains traces of primeval materials that are older than the moon, which formed a scant 100 million years after the solar system s coalescence. Earth s interior layers of the earth inferred by earthquake waves esrt page 10 determine the following. Lesson content overview students will look at models depicting each layer of the earths interior and decide which layer is. Earths interior earthquakes and understanding earths interior 1. At divergent boundaries in the oceans, magma from deep in the earth s mantle rises toward the surface and pushes apart two or more plates. Pwaves travel through both the mantle and the core. Apr 01, 2019 earths interior class lesson downloads. An example of a contemporary 1d velocity structure for the mantle and core the thin lowvelocity crust is not included is shown in figure 3, along with a density. Physical geology is a comprehensive introductory text on the physical aspects of geology, including rocks and minerals, plate tectonics, earthquakes, volcanoes, glaciation, groundwater, streams, coasts, mass wasting, climate change, planetary geology and much more. The source of energy for the high temperatures found deep within the earth is 1 tidal friction 2 incoming solar radiation 3 decay of. The earths interior must be denser than those near. The thickest part of the crust is under mountain ranges. The energy of earthquakes moves away from the focus in all directions. Robertson abstract evidence on the structure and composition of the earths interior comes from 1 observations of surface rocks, 2 geophysical data from earthquakes, flow of heat from the interior, the magnetic field, and gravity, 3 laboratory ex.
An earthquake is a movement of the ground that happens when rocks break and move. Lesson outline study guide for the earths interior. Describe the process of convection within the earths. Kristin bartee focus on inquiry the student will investigate the different layers of earths interior and get an idea of the differences and composition of each layer. More than 6,000 copies of that edition were distributed, and a worldwide demand for the publication continues. Publication date 1991 topics geophysics, earth internal structure. Lesson content overview students will look at models depicting each layer of the earth s interior and decide which layer is. A journey to the earths interior have the poles really been discovered. Volcanoes pack a lot of energy and sometimes flow around existing fault lines such as the ring of fire. Of the earth earths interior the interior structure of the earth is layered in. The hard, brittle crust extends from earths surface to the socalled mohorovicic discontinuity, nicknamed the moho. It is important to remember that the straight lines in these more likely to look closer to the image on the right.
This fact also restricts deep drilling, thus causing hindrance to direct observation of the materials of the earths interior. Scientists study earths interior mainly by studying waves that are generated by earthquakes. Movement of seismic waves from the point of focus up to the earths surface. Earths interior read earth science ck12 foundation. Plate tectonics information and facts national geographic. Evidence on the structure and composition of the earths interior comes from 1 observations of surface rocks, 2 geophysical data from earthquakes, flow of. Understanding the basic structure of earth is very important to learn higher concepts well. This is accomplished through seismology, which has become the.
The inner structure of the earth is described by the authors on the basis of systematic processing and evaluation of the traditional and newer theories and conceptions. Draw the layers of the earth in your journal use a full page label each layer. Direct sources deep ocean drilling reveals humongous information through analysis of materials collected at different depth. Emphasis is on both a onedimensional model of earth, with radial layers determined by density, and a threedimensional model, which is controlled by mantle convection and the resulting plate tectonics. Plate tectonics is the current theory that explains the occurrence of many phenomena including. The earth s interior just as a child may shake an unopened present in an attempt to discover the contents of a gift, so man must listen to the ring and vibration of our earth in an attempt to discover its content. It is the endogenic processes that determine the interior configuration of earth. To print or download this file, click the link below. As a result, we cannot say for sure how it looks, or exactly what it is composed of. Mar 24, 2020 carbon trapped in diamonds and carbonatebearing rocks in subduction zones are examples of the continuing exchange of substantial carbon between earths surface and its interior.
Earth s interior a cutaway diagram of the earth s interior, showing the paths taken by pwaves black and s waves white. Earthquakes release waves of energy that travel through rock, called seismic waves. Students label the earths layers on a diagram, they answer 2 questions and. Earths interior layers of the earth inferred by earthquake waves esrt page 10 determine the following. Discover how scientists learn about earths interior using seismic waves, meteorites, density, and the magnetic field. As a result of the early seismological investigations the main internal structure of the earth was revealed within the rst few decades of the twentieth century with the discovery of the earths core in 1906 by oldham and gutenberg 1912 and the solid inner core in 1936 by lehmann. However, there is still much to learn about the forms, transformations, and movements of. These layers of the earth interact in ways that affect life on the earth. However, there is still much to learn about the forms, transformations, and movements of carbon deep inside the earth. Configuration of surface of earth is a product of exogenic and endogenic processes in earth. In this article geography section, we discuss the interior of the earth. Seismology is providing a more sharply focused picture of the earths internal structure that shouldlead to im proved models of mantle.
1413 1286 1068 624 143 1300 262 826 1143 611 287 698 43 1031 309 1185 1433 240 1131 826 25 742 667 1314 887 763 344 1128 349 621 1043 724 392 961 581 335 416 1363 432 252 1180 91 621 269 696 110 968 1018 554 1383